What Is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease? Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a collective term encompassing various conditions that hinder proper lung function, leading to breathing challenges. The primary types are emphysema and chronic bronchitis. There’s an ongoing discussion on whether asthma falls under the COPD umbrella or is a distinct respiratory condition. Regardless, COPD significantly impacts respiratory health, affecting millions of people worldwide. Understanding these nuances is crucial for accurate diagnosis and tailored management strategies.